Phlebitis

Phlebitis
Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein. When a blood clot in a vein causes the inflammation it is called thrombophlebitis. Typically, thrombophlebitis occurs in the legs but may occur in an arm. A clot is often times referred to as a thrombus and can cause pain and may block blood flow in the veins. Phlebitis can occur in superficial or deep veins.

Causes of Phlebitis

• May occur spontaneously
• Complication from a medical procedure
• Local trauma
• Injury to a vein
• Stasis in blood flow in a varicose vein

Superficial Phlebitis
Superficial phlebitis affects veins on the skin surface and this condition is rarely serious in most cases. Usually, mild anti-inflammatory medications are used. In some cases, more serious conditions can arise and you may have to use drugs that thin the blood.

If you have a diagnosis of superficial phlebitis and you notice that your symptoms are getting worse, or the clot is progressing up the leg, you should seek immediate medical care.

In all patients with superficial phlebitis an ultrasound should be done to rule out involvement of the Greater Saphenous Vein, Small Saphenous Vein, or Deep Venous System.

Symptoms of Superficial Phlebitis

• Slow onset of a tender red area along the superficial veins
on the skin
• Area may feel hard, warm and tender
• Skin around vein may be itchy and swollen
• May feel throbbing or burning
• Symptoms may be worse when the leg is down
• Low grade fever may occur
• Signs and symptoms of infection include: redness, fever, pain,
swelling or breakdown of the skin

Treatment for Superficial Phlebitis

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID),
such as Ibuprofen, may help lessen the pain and inflammation.
• Mild compression stockings
• Elevate leg
• Warm compresses

Ron Bush, MD, FACS
Peggy Bush, APN, CNS, MSN


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